Англо-русский словарь по социологии. 2011.
Substitution reaction — In a substitution reaction, a functional group in a particular chemical compound is replaced by another group.[1][2] In organic chemistry, the electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution reactions are of prime importance. Organic substitution… … Wikipedia
Functional group — For other uses, see Functional group (disambiguation) and Moiety (disambiguation). Benzyl acetate has an ester functional group (in red), an acetyl moiety (circled with green) and a benzyloxy moiety (circled with orange). Other divisions can be… … Wikipedia
Substitution matrix — In evolutionary biology, a substitution matrix describes the rate at which one character in a sequence changes to other character states over time. Substitution matrices are usually seen in the context of amino acid or DNA sequence alignments,… … Wikipedia
substitution reaction — noun a reaction in which one functional group is replaced with another See Also: nucleophilic substitution, electrophilic substitution … Wiktionary
substitution reaction — a chemical reaction in which one atom or functional group replaces another in a molecule … Medical dictionary
functional depreciation — As considered in the valuation of property for taxation:–the result of lack of adaptation to function; the result of change of conditions and surroundings which renders the structure ill adapted to the work, especially a growth of business which… … Ballentine's law dictionary
Electrophilic aromatic substitution — or EAS is an organic reaction in which an atom, usually hydrogen, appended to an aromatic system is replaced by an electrophile. The most important reactions of this type that take place are aromatic nitration, aromatic halogenation, aromatic… … Wikipedia
Sensory substitution — means to transform the characteristics of one sensory modality into stimuli of another sensory modality. It is hoped that sensory substitution systems can help handicapped people by restoring their ability to perceive a certain defective sensory… … Wikipedia
Electrophilic substitution — reactions are chemical reactions in which an electrophile displaces another group, typically but not always hydrogen. Electrophilic substitution is characteristic of aromatic compounds. Electrophilic aromatic substitution is an important way of… … Wikipedia
Nucleophilic aromatic substitution — A nucleophilic aromatic substitution is a substitution reaction in organic chemistry in which the nucleophile displaces a good leaving group, such as a halide, on an aromatic ring. There are 6 nucleophilic substitution mechanisms encountered with … Wikipedia
Constant elasticity of substitution — In economics, Constant elasticity of substitution (CES) is a property of some production functions and utility functions. More precisely, it refers to a particular type of aggregator function which combines two or more types of consumption, or… … Wikipedia
